Dr. Rucitarahma Ristiawan, S.Par., M.Sc., a lecturer from the Tourism Study Program at the FIB UGM, presented his in-depth research findings in an academic discussion forum organized by the Cultural Geography Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Netherlands.
This scientific presentation highlighted the phenomenon of heritage commodification, exploring how physical remnants of the past (historic sites or areas) are transformed into economic assets for the benefit of the tourism industry. This transformation triggers a contestation for space, shifts in land value, and sparks urban gentrification.
One of the crucial points raised in the discussion was a critique of the patrimonial governance system. The research reveals an asymmetric dynamic where local elites, the private sector, and the state often dominate the distribution of economic benefits from such heritage-based tourism projects.
Large-scale tourism interventions in historic areas are feared to create economic inequality. If not managed equitably, this process risks marginalizing local or indigenous communities, as well as stripping away their rights to the land and cultural heritage that they should rightfully own and preserve.
The presentation of this research is also closely linked to its contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) promoting spatial justice so that the economic gains from the heritage tourism sector are not just enjoyed by a select few, but are instead distributed inclusively to local communities. SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) emphasizing the importance of protecting the residential rights of communities living around historic sites and safeguarding the preservation of world cultural heritage from over-exploitation and commercialization.
This research discussion at one of the world’s leading universities is expected to trigger a critical evaluation for tourism policymakers in Indonesia, ensuring that future heritage-based tourism development can go hand in hand with social justice for local communities.
Writer: Faiq
Editor: Popi
Photo: Wageningen University & Research, Cultural Geography
